Kaanchi kaul full biography of joshua

Contribution and clinical relevance of germline variation to the cancer transcriptome

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BMC Cancervolume 22, Article number: 675 (2022) Cite this article

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Abstract

Background

Somatic alterations in the cancer genome, some of which are associated with changes in gene expression, have been characterized in multiple studies across diverse cancer types. However, less is known about germline variants that influence tumor biology by shaping the cancer transcriptome.

Methods

We performed expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses using multi-dimensional data from The Cancer Genome Atlas to explore the role of germline variation in mediating the cancer transcriptome. After accounting for associations between somatic alterations and gene expression, we determined the contribution of inherited variants to the cancer transcriptome relative to that of somatic variants. Finally, we performed an interaction analysis using estimates of tumor cellularity to identify cell type-restricted eQTLs.

Results

The proportion of genes with at least one eQTL varied between cancer types, ranging between 0.8% in melanoma to 28.5% in thyroid cancer and was correlated more strongly with intratumor heterogeneity than with somatic alteration rates. Although contributions to variance in gene expression was low for most genes, some eQTLs accounted for more than 30% of expression of proximal genes. We identified cell type-restricted eQTLs in genes known to be cancer drivers including LPP and EZH2 that were associated with disease-specific mortality in TCGA but not associated with disease risk in published GWAS. Together, our results highlight the need to consider germline variation in interpreting cancer biology beyond risk prediction.

Peer Review reports

Background

Deregulated gene expression is a defining feature of the cancer cell and often results in the disruption of

  • Koul name meaning
  • Kaul pronunciation

    • Raman Iyer

    Faculty

    Raman S Iyer, alumni of FTII (Film & Television Institute of India, Pune) from the batch of 1994, has been working as a Director of Photography for audio-visual productions in Television and Film Industry since 1999. During the interim period he gained experience, as an assistant to ace cinematographers of the Indian film industry namely Mazhar Kamran, Vijay Khambatti, Attar Sing Saini, Anoop Jotwani, Anil Mehta, Santhosh Sivan, Ramachandra Babu and S. Kumar.

    Starting off his independent career – shooting short/tele-films telecasted by regional television channels in Kerala, which won him the Best Cameraman Award (instituted by the KERALA FILM CRITICS ASSOCIATION) twice over in (2003 and 2005), his repertoire includes documentaries and promotional films for various departments and quasi government agencies as an empaneled cameraman produced by the Public Relations Department of the Government of Kerala, including an award winning documentary film on the legendary painter K. C. S Panicker. He ventured into the Malayalam film industry as an independent DP in the year 2005 and has six feature films, numerous short films, advertising, and corporate films shot on film, analogue and digital video formats to his credit.

    He took upon the role of a lecturer at Mindscreen Film Institute situated in Chennai, upon invitation by the ace cinematographer Rajeev Menon for a brief period in 2011. He also served as a visiting faculty and as external expert in cinematography, at K. R. NARAYANAN NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF VISUAL SCIENCE AND ARTS, Kottayam (Kerala) since its inception in 2014. He worked as a senior faculty and as the H.O.D of Cinematography (September 2018 to March 2021 & April 2021 to June 2023) at Annapurna College of Film and Media, Hyderabad.

  • Kaul movie

    • Kaul

    This article is about the surname. For other uses, see Kaul (disambiguation).

    "Koul" redirects here. For other uses, see Koul (disambiguation).

    Kaul (also spelled Koul; Kashmiri: 𑆑𑆿𑆬 (Sharada), कौल (Devanagari), كَوْلَ (Nasta'liq), romanized: kaula, lit. 'well born') is a Kashmiri surname that is used by the Kashmiri Pandit community in India.

    The word Koul, meaning well born, is derived from Kula, the Sanskrit term for family or clan.

    Origins

    There are several theories regarding the origins of Kaul as a surname.

    Koul from Mahakoul

    One says that it is associated with the word Mahakaul (Sanskrit: महाकौळ, romanized: mahākauḷa), an epithet for Shiva. Shiva followers were thus called Kauḷa. Koul therefore means a devotee of Shiva.

    Koul/Kaul from Shakta worship

    Another states that since the Saraswat Brahmins of Kashmira were believers in Shaivism and Shakta, the peak of Shaivism in Kashmir around the 9th–12th century gave rise to use of the name. This has led many scholars to believe that almost all Kashmiri Pandits were Kauls/Kouls and they were later subdivided into different nicknames, then with the passage of time these nicknames became surnames. In recent years the use of the nicknames is being progressively discarded and the surname Kaul/Koul is being adopted by almost all such people. The word Kaul/Koul is associated with being an Aghoreshwar (Sanskrit: अघोरेश्वर, romanized: aghōrēśvara, lit. 'enlightened'). The Sādhakas (Sanskrit: साधक, romanized: sādhaka, lit. 'practitioners') of the Tantra, associated with Shakti worship, are believed to reach the top of the spiritual ladder, and thus become a Kaul/Koul.

    Notable people with Kaul surname

    • Anita Kaul (1954–2016), Indian Administrative Service officer
    • Bansi

    CRA Outstanding Undergraduate Researcher Award

    This award program recognizes undergraduate students in North American colleges and universities who show outstanding research potential in an area of computing research. Click here for nomination information.

    The CRA Outstanding Undergraduate Researcher Award is made possible through the generous support of Sandia National Laboratories and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). These esteemed research institutions are part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Laboratory System, dedicated to advancing science and technology to address critical national challenges. We are deeply grateful for their commitment to fostering emerging talent and excellence in computing research. Their sponsorship ensures that exceptional undergraduate researchers are recognized and supported as they contribute to the future of the field. Prior to 2025, Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs and Microsoft Research were sponsors in alternate years.

    Thank you to our 2025 sponsors:

    The CRA Outstanding Undergraduate Researcher Award is made possible through the generous support of Sandia National Laboratories and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). These esteemed research institutions are part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Laboratory System, dedicated to advancing science and technology to address critical national challenges.

    We are deeply grateful for their commitment to fostering emerging talent and excellence in computing research. Their sponsorship ensures that exceptional undergraduate researchers are recognized and supported as they contribute to the future of the field.

    Recipients

  • Kaul meaning in english