Biografia de johann heinrich schulze biography
History of photography
For the journal, see History of Photography (journal).
The history of photography began with the discovery of two critical principles: The first is camera obscura image projection; the second is the discovery that some substances are visibly altered by exposure to light. There are no artifacts or descriptions that indicate any attempt to capture images with light sensitive materials prior to the 18th century.
Around 1717, Johann Heinrich Schulze used a light-sensitive slurry to capture images of cut-out letters on a bottle. However, he did not pursue making these results permanent. Around 1800, Thomas Wedgwood made the first reliably documented, although unsuccessful attempt at capturing camera images in permanent form. His experiments did produce detailed photograms, but Wedgwood and his associate Humphry Davy found no way to fix these images.
In 1826, Nicéphore Niépce first managed to fix an image that was captured with a camera, but at least eight hours or even several days of exposure in the camera were required and the earliest results were very crude. Niépce's associate Louis Daguerre went on to develop the daguerreotype process, the first publicly announced and commercially viable photographic process. The daguerreotype required only minutes of exposure in the camera, and produced clear, finely detailed results. On August 2, 1839 Daguerre demonstrated the details of the process to the Chamber of Peers in Paris. On August 19 the technical details were made public in a meeting of the Academy of Sciences and the Academy of Fine Arts in the Palace of Institute. (For granting the rights of the inventions to the public, Daguerre and Niépce were awarded generous annuities for life.) When the metal based daguerreotype process was demonstrated formally to the public, the competitor approach of paper-based calotypenegative and salt print processes invented by William Henry Fox T
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Johann Heinrich Schulze was born May 12 1687, He was a professor of anatomy. He discovered that when a piece of chalk dipped in silver nitrate went from white to black when exposed to the sun. But the side that wasn't exposed was still white. But it eventually all turned black because of the exposure.
Joseph Niepce was born in 1765 march 7. He enjoyed his middle class upbringing. In 1801 he returned home to manage his families estate after teaching and serving in the military. He soon started to develop an interest in science when he started to work with his brother. In 1793 the two brothers discussed the possibility of using light to reproduce images.
Louis Daguerre was born November 18 1787. His father was a royalist despite the french revolution. After the revolution his education was limited, However he did have a talent for drawing. In 1804 he moved o Paris to study and practice scene painting for the opera. In the early 1820's he collaborator and invented the diorama.
William henry talbot was born February 11 1800. In 1833 because of his lack of success at sketching a scenery made him come up with a machine that includes light sensitive paper that can make sketches for him automatically. He had already made photograms before bu they faded quickly. In 1827 he produced pictures on bitumen. In 1839 he displayed pictures on plates to the french academy of sciences. He went on and developed the three primary elements of photography.
Frederick Scott Archer was born 1813. In 1847 he began using photography as an aid in his work, and soon began devoting all his time to photography. He experimented with a variety of solutions and surfaces. In 1851 and 1852 he published a manual of the collodion photographic process. Images created using this method were sharp.
Richard Leach Maddox was b German mathematician and theologian Johann Friedrich Schultz, also known as Johann Schultz (11 June 1739, Mühlhausen – 27 June 1805, Königsberg), was a German EnlightenmentProtestanttheologian, mathematician and philosopher. He is best known as a close personal friend and trusted expositor (a person who explains complicated ideas) of Immanuel Kant. Johann Schultz was a Hofprediger (second court chaplain) and Professor of Mathematics at the University of Königsberg. Schultz studied theology and mathematics at the Collegium Fridericianum at Königsberg University, where Immanuel Kant lectured, and matriculated on 24 September 1756. Ludwig Borowski, one of Kant's early biographers stated that Schultz was one of the best students of Kant, and this is often repeated in the literature, but Schultz denied ever having attended a lecture. Schultz initially worked as a private tutor within Königsberg before undertaking employment as a pastor in Starkenberg between 1766 and 1769, taking similar employment at Löwenhagen between 1769 and 1775 before returning in 1775, to Königsberg to work as a Deacon at the Altroßgarten church. On 6 July 1775 he received his magister degree and on 2 August 1775, he took his examination for promotion of habilitation with a disputation on acoustics. He worked as a lecturer over the winter of 1775 and 1776. In 1777, he was made Hofprediger at Königsberg castle church. Schultz's appointment as professor of mathematics to the government on 11 August 1786 was recommended by the Königsberg senate, at the same time that Kant was serving as rector at Königsberg. As a professor of mathematics, he had a duty to provide lectures, which he did in arithmetic and geometry in the summer, and trigonometry and astronomy in the winter. Apart from a lecture series in metaphysics during the first half of his second year, and pedagogy t .Johann Friedrich Schultz
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